rewrite模块

文档http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_core_module.html搜索rewriteSyntax:     internal;Default:     —Context:     location  #放在location里location /{             root   html;            index  index.html index.htm;        }        重写中用到的指令if  (条件) {}  设定条件,再进行重写 #空格不能少set #设置变量return #返回状态码 break #跳出rewriterewrite #重写If  语法格式If 空格 (条件) {     重写模式}条件又怎么写?答:3种写法1: “=”来判断相等, 用于字符串比较2: “~” 用正则来匹配(此处的正则区分大小写)   ~* 不区分大小写的正则3: -f -d -e来判断是否为文件,为目录,是否存在.[root nginx]# vi html/test-if.html[root nginx]# ./sbin/nginx -s reloadhttp://192.168.88.170/test-if.html[root nginx]# tail logs/access.log 192.168.88.1 - - [03/Mar/2016:03:25:55 -0800] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:44.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/44.0"192.168.88.1 - - [03/Mar/2016:03:25:55 -0800] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 168 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:44.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/44.0"192.168.88.1 - - [03/Mar/2016:03:25:56 -0800] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 168 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:44.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/44.0"192.168.88.1 - - [03/Mar/2016:03:26:06 -0800] "GET /test-if.html HTTP/1.1" 200 8 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:44.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/44.0"#log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '#                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '#                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';[root nginx]# vi conf/nginx.conf location /{  if  ($remote_addr = 192.168.88.1) {                 return 403;            }            root   html;            index  index.html index.htm;        }[root nginx]# ./sbin/nginx -s reload[root@localhost nginx]# vi conf/nginx.conf location /{  if ($http_user_agent ~ MSIE) {                 rewrite ^.*$ /ie.htm;                break; #(不break会循环重定向) }            root   html;            index  index.html index.htm;        }[root@localhost nginx]# vi html/ie.htm[root@localhost nginx]# ./sbin/nginx -s reload用chrom访问正常到了nginx页面用ie访问不正常http://192.168.88.170/  结果ie[root@localhost nginx]# ls conf/fastcgi.conf            koi-win             scgi_paramsfastcgi.conf.default    mime.types          scgi_params.defaultfastcgi_params          mime.types.default  uwsgi_paramsfastcgi_params.default  nginx.conf          uwsgi_params.defaultkoi-utf                 nginx.conf.default  win-utf[root@localhost nginx]# more conf/fastcgi.conffastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME    $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;fastcgi_param  QUERY_STRING       $query_string;fastcgi_param  REQUEST_METHOD     $request_method;fastcgi_param  CONTENT_TYPE       $content_type;fastcgi_param  CONTENT_LENGTH     $content_length;fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME        $fastcgi_script_name;fastcgi_param  REQUEST_URI        $request_uri;fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_URI       $document_uri;fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_ROOT      $document_root;fastcgi_param  SERVER_PROTOCOL    $server_protocol;fastcgi_param  HTTPS              $https if_not_empty;[root@localhost nginx]# vi html/404.htm             if (!-e $document_root$fastcgi_script_name) {                 rewrite ^.*$ /404.html break;            }             注, 此处还要加break,以 xx.com/dsafsd.html这个不存在页面为例,我们观察访问日志, 日志中显示的访问路径,依然是GET /dsafsd.html HTTP/1.1提示: 服务器内部的rewrite和302跳转不一样. 跳转的话URL都变了,变成重新http请求404.html, 而内部rewrite, 上下文没变,就是说 fastcgi_script_name 仍然是 dsafsd.html,因此 会循环重定向.set 是设置变量用的, 可以用来达到多条件判断时作标志用.达到apache下的 rewrite_condition的效果location /{ if ($http_user_agent ~* msie) {                 set $isie 1;            }                    if ($fastcgi_script_name = ie.html) {                 set $isie 0;            }            if ($isie 1) {                 rewrite ^.*$ ie.html;            }            root   html;            index  index.html index.htm;        }    }